WMO OSCAR | Details for Instrument Hyperion

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Instrument: Hyperion

Instrument details

Acronym	Hyperion
Full name	Hyperion
Purpose	Advanced technology for high-resolution land and vegetation observation
Short description	VIS/NIR/SWIR grating spectrometer with 220 channels, in two groups covering the ranges 0.4-1.0 µm and 0.9-2.5 µm respectively; channels bandwidths 10 nm
Background	New development
Scanning Technique	Pushbroom; 250 pixel/line; swath 7.5 km
Resolution	30 m IFOV
Coverage / Cycle	Global coverage in 1 year, in daylight.
Mass	49 kg	Power	51 W	Data Rate	105 Mbps

Providing Agency	NASA
Instrument Maturity	Flown on an R&D satellite
Utilization Period:	2001 to 2017
Last update:	2022-07-25

Detailed characteristics

Satellites this instrument is flying on

Note: a red tag indicates satellites no longer operational, a green tag indicates operational satellites, a blue tag indicates future satellites

New Millennium Program - Earth Observing -1 (NASA)
- NMP-EO-1 (see instrument status) Feb 2001 - 2017

Instrument classification

Earth observation instrument
Passive optical radiometer or spectrometer
High resolution optical imager

WIGOS Subcomponents

Subcomponent 1
Narrow-band or hyperspectral imagers
Hyperspectral imager (for vegetation)

Mission objectives

Primary mission objectives

Biomass
Fraction of Absorbed PAR (FAPAR)
Fraction of vegetated land
Leaf Area Index (LAI)
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Vegetation type

Evaluation of Measurements

The following list indicates which measurements can typically be retrieved from this category of instrument. To see a full Gap Analysis by Variable, click on the respective variable.

Note: table can be sorted by clicking on the column headers
Note: * Primary mission objective.

Search:

Variable	Relevance for measuring this variable	Operational limitations	Explanation
Fraction of vegetated land*	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral
Land cover	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Leaf Area Index (LAI)*	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.. Daylight only.. Infrequent coverage.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)*	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.	VIS and NIR hyperspectral channels
Snow cover	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR channels, enabling screening snow from clouds
Soil type	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Vegetation type*	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Cloud optical depth	2 - very high	Low-density cloud only.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Downward short-wave irradiance at Earth surface	2 - very high	Cloud sensitive.. Highly indirect.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Fire fractional cover	2 - very high	Daylight only.. Cloud sensitive.	VIS channels with high resolution for boundary detection
Biomass*	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Index only.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels. Biomass inferred from NDVI and other vegetation indexes
Fraction of Absorbed PAR (FAPAR)*	3 - high	High troposphere only.. Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.	VIS channels including Red at 700 nm
Glacier cover	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Long time for mapping.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR channels, screening ice from clouds
Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR)	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.	VIS channels, range accurately sampled
Aerosol column burden	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR (including the 760 nm band for high-level aerosol) and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Aerosol effective radius	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR including the 760 nm band for high-level aerosol, and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Aerosol mass mixing ratio	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR (including the 760 nm band for high-level aerosol) and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Aerosol Optical Depth	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR (including the 760 nm band for high-level aerosol) and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Aerosol type	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR (including the 760 nm band for high-level aerosol) and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Cloud cover	4 - fair	Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Cloud top height	4 - fair	Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	NIR hyperspectral channels to estimate the total-column O2 above the cloud top as measured around 760 nm
Earth surface albedo	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.	VIS hyperspectral channels
Oil spill cover	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Daylight only.. Infrequent coverage.	VIS hyperspectral channels
Short-wave cloud reflectance	4 - fair	Infrequent coverage.	VIS, NIR and SWIR channels. Unsuitable dynamic range (saturation)
Specific humidity	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Very coarse vertical resolution.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	NIR hyperspectral channels including the ro-sigma-tau band of water vapour around 940 nm
Aerosol volcanic ash	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels including the 760 nm band for high-level ash
Aerosol volcanic ash Total Column	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels including the 760 nm band for high-level ash
Sea-ice cover	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR (for contour enhancement) and SWIR (for discrimination from clouds) channels
Cloud type	5 - marginal	Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.. Cloud sensitive.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels
Soil moisture at surface	5 - marginal	Cloud sensitive.. Index only.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels. Soil moisture inferred from differential brightness
Integrated Water Vapour (IWV)	5 - marginal	Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.	NIR hyperspectral channels covering the 940 nm band
Upward short-wave irradiance at TOA	5 - marginal	Spectral interpolation needed.. Information on BRDF needed.. Infrequent coverage.	VIS, NIR and SWIR hyperspectral channels

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